こんにちは。今回は定期テストはもちろん, それ以外でも頻出の問題をやってみましょう。実際に問題を解いてみてください。解法はそれから見てください。
【問題】四面体OABCにおいて, 辺ABを2 : 1に内分する点をD, 線分CDを3 : 2に内分する点をP, 辺OAの中点をMとする。また, OPと△MBCとの交点をQとする。,
,
とするとき, 次の問いに答よ。
(1) を
,
,
を用いて表せ。
(2) を
,
,
を用いて表せ。
(3) を求めよ。
【解答】
(1)





よって,

(2) O, Q, Pは一直線上にあるので,


とおける。
したがって,

となる。
4点M, B, C, Qは同一平面上にあるから,



と表せる。
ここで,

また,





ここで,



4点O, A, B, Cは同一平面上にないので,



これを解いて,



よって,

(3) (2)より,


これより, OQ : OP

したがって, OQ : QP

ここがポイント
所定のベクトルを2通りの表し方で表して, 連立方程式を解いて求める。